PSYC 1101 & 1103 sec 001D-003D, Fall 2019: EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE
EXAM 3: TUESDAY 12/10/19 10:30-12:30 P.M., SCHN 151;
#2 LEAD PENCIL REQUIRED!
REVIEW SESSION: Monday 12/9/19 6:00-7:00 PM, SCHN 151; bring questions to have answered, etc.
ON THIS EXAM: Chapters 15, 16, 13
Psychological Disorders Ch. 15
Therapies Ch. 16
Social Psychology Ch. 13
NOT ON THIS EXAM: Chapters 10, 14 (which were only listed as topics to cover if time allowed, which it did not)
Motivation Ch. 10 (including Approaches to Motivation, and Emotions)
Industrial & Organizational Psychology Ch. 14
The third exam will cover everything from AFTER the second exam material (i.e., it is NOT CUMULATIVE back to the beginning of the semester!), through the Social Psychology topics covered on Thursday 12/5, plus some material found only in the reading and not in lecture (see below).
The third exam will have about 40 multiple choice questions drawn from lecture and textbook material and will be do-able in one hour (or less). Don't expect the multiple choice format to mean you'll just be looking through a list of alternatives trying to recognize some familiar information. The emphasis throughout will not be merely on rote memory for facts and definitions, but rather on conceptual understanding of the material and its use in hypothetical situations. For example, unfamiliar questions related to the lecture content may be included, requiring an application of the knowledge you have gained so far. But not in a scary way. You will benefit from studying as if this were partly an essay exam, even though there will be only multiple choice questions on it!
Check the web page for PSYC 1101 / 1103 at
http://media.pluto.psy.uconn.edu/psyc1101.html, and in the "Links and Readings" section you can get to the posted PowerPoint slides -- which are by no means an exhaustive account of all the course material, and which don't contain all the detail you will need, but they do serve as an approximate outline of the material and a reminder of some key concepts to know. All required links in the web page "Links and Readings" section are highlighted in white boxes (and listed below, as well); all the rest are just for fun. On the class page you can also find my study tips page (quite long, pretty useful).
Lecture vs. text:
The lecture material is primary; use the text as a resource to support and elaborate the lecture topics.
If something is covered in lecture, you will be responsible for the lecture coverage and all of the required text coverage of that topic as listed on the syllabus, unless I specifically tell you to omit certain pages (see below).
If something is NOT covered in lecture but is included in the assigned text reading, you will be responsible for the text coverage of that topic. But there will be far fewer questions on that type of material than on the first two categories just described, so you can allocate your study time accordingly.
Page numbers for all required reading are listed on the syllabus, and have been modified on this study guide to be more specific.
The King text isn't just a really long story that you read straight through repeatedly. You should read all the assigned material, probably at least twice. But then also use the index to find answers to particular questions that come up in your notes, your reading, or the old exams. Use the summary points at the end of the chapters, and the contents at the beginning of chapters, to help you identify what's there and how it's organized.
What to study:
Start with the slides and the readings listed on the syllabus (Chapters 15, 16, and 13), and then here are my comments and additions:
SLIDES FOR EXAM 3:
REQUIRED LINKS:
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Hyperbole And A Half: Adventures in Depression.
Hyperbole And A Half: Depression Part Two.
Cartoonist and author Allie Brosh posted a story about her depression on her comic blog "Hyperbole And A Half" in October 2011. Then she stopped writing it for over a year and a half until she returned with a follow-up about depression in May 2013. It's the most insightful description of the phenomenon of being depressed that I've ever seen, and many thousands of fans, including psychologists and other experts, have agreed.
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PrimeTime Live clip about Gregory Berns's research on conformity and independence: Required viewing if you missed it in class; the segment from 4:00 to 6:40 can be skipped. This is an extension of Asch's findings with the additional wrinkle of brain imaging to indicate the underlying mechanism of conformity in this case. Conforming was accompanied by activation of the visual processing areas in the back of the brain rather than decision processing areas in the frontal lobes, suggesting people actually see the shapes differently due to others' wrong answers, instead of just deciding to go along with the group despite knowing the real answer. (I'm skeptical of this -- maybe the visual processing has to do with close visual attention or visual memory processing as they try to reconcile the images they see with others' contradictory statements.) Non-conforming was accompanied by activation of the amygdala, suggesting that going against the group opinion causes a degree of fear or anxiety.
Topics in the assigned reading not explicitly covered in lecture that you should study from the textbook:
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Ch. 15:
* 501 Critiques of the DSM
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Ch. 16:
* 540-542 Cognitive Therapies (note that this topic actually WAS addressed in lecture, but does not appear in the slides, so I'm drawing attention to this section of the text)
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Ch. 13:
* 436 Stereotype Threat
* 455-459 Ethnocentrism, Prejudice, Discrimination
Here I've indicated which pages you do NOT have to read from the assigned chapters 15, 16, and 13.
Note the nearby topics you want to be sure NOT to skip by accident! (Because of course you'll be reading all assigned pages in the chapters ASIDE from the skippable topics listed here.)
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Ch.15 Psychological Disorders - you can SKIP the following topics / pages, and for our purposes the chapter ends on p. 523 and you don't have to read beyond that.
523-525 Suicide (not on the exam, but still a valuable 2 pages to read on your own sometime)
525-528 Psychological Disorders and Health and Wellness
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Ch.16 Therapies - you can SKIP the following topics / pages, and for our purposes the chapter ends on p. 553 and you don't have to read beyond that.
544 Therapy Integrations
550-552 and 553-554 Sociocultural Approaches and Issues in Treatment
554-555 Therapies and Health and Wellness
BUT DON'T SKIP 552-553 Community Mental Health
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Ch. 13 Social Psychology - you can SKIP the following topics / pages, and for our purposes the chapter ends on p. 459 and you don't have to read beyond that.
436 Self-Objectification
436-437 Social Comparison
437 Attitudes
438 Intersection: Social Psychology and Personality Psychology
441-443 Altruism (lecture and slide coverage of this topic is different and includes the Bystander Effect described at the beginning of ch. 13, so focus on that lecture / slide coverage instead)
445-446 Sociocultural Influences in Aggression
451-454 Group Influence
459-461 Ways to Improve Intergroup Relations (very interesting and even crucial information for today's world, but will not be on the exam)
461-463 Close Relationships
463 Social Psychology and Health and Wellness
BUT DON'T SKIP 436 Stereotype Threat
AND DON'T SKIP 438-439 Cognitive Dissonance and Self-Perception Theory
AND DON'T SKIP 455-459 Ethnocentrism, Prejudice, Discrimination
Names to know (roughly in order of appearance in this
course):
- John Watson (Little Albert study of conditioned fear / phobia)
- Carl Rogers (Rogerian therapy)
- Sigmund Freud (psychoanalytic therapy)
- Hans Eysenck (criticism of therapy)
- Muzafer Sherif (autokinetic effect and conformity)
- Solomon Asch (line length estimation and conformity)
- Philip Zimbardo (Stanford prison experiment and conformity)
- Leon Festinger (cognitive dissonance)
- Stanley Milgram (obedience)
I recommend knowing names, not because I will necessarily ask a question like "which of these things did Solomon Asch do?" (though I certainly could), but more generally because knowing names is helpful in remembering the content associated with the names. For instance, associating the name Solomon Asch with the line length conformity study gives you another piece of information to help distinguish conformity from other concepts in social psychology like obedience, which might otherwise blend together more confusingly.
General recommendations about studying:
I would make two recommendations about studying for all the exams in this class (and possibly in other classes):
1) First, a common experience is for students to have read the textbook, web links, and their notes, and feel quite secure that they understand everything -- but then not see that understanding reflected in their exam scores. Consider why that might be: looking at the material and having a feeling of understanding is a rather passive way to confirm your knowledge. I too can look at the text, web links, and notes, and feel like I understand them all, yet let's be honest, my understanding is probably quite a bit deeper than yours despite the similarity of the feeling. What you should aim for is not just recognition and sensibleness, but real familiarity and comfort, where you feel like you could actually explain the topic clearly to a fellow student who had a question about it, or even to someone who had no knowledge of it (e.g. a parent or roommate). Not that you literally need to deliver practice lectures to an audience, but maybe that's something to try to imagine, to see where your gaps and shortcomings might be.
2) Second, the multiple choice format often leads students to expect a kind of recognition test where terms are matched up with definition a, b, c, or d, or maybe a concept is described as being about a, b, c, or d. But multiple choice questions (mine included) can require you to think hard about comparisons or contrasts between perspectives, or ways that one idea implies or is linked to another, or applications of the topics to particular situations. For this reason, I find flashcards and the like to be of limited use, maybe good for memorizing what "egocentrism" is for or what the psychodynamic persepctive says, but flashcards tend to focus on isolated pieces of information rather than how concepts are related to one another.
It makes sense, for example, to know not just what "egocentrism" means but also which developmental stage it appears in, which it goes away in, how it can be measured, examples, etc., and you're better off studying those questions as interconnected information rather than separate facts. Separate facts are much more confusable than integrated knowledge of the topic.
These topics are all addressed explicitly this way in class, so I'm not implying that you need to creatively come up with these explanations; just don't assume that a superficial memory of a term and what it means will suffice. Sometimes students ask me if they just need to know the major points of what we covered, and unfortunately the answer is, no, that's not enough: you need to know the details too.
For these two reasons I usually suggest that the way to think about my exams is to pretend you're studying for an essay exam rather than a multiple choice exam. That way you realize you don't only need to know what the concepts mean, but you also have to be able to link them together and understand why and how they're connected. And you want to know this at a level where you'd be able to produce such an explanation in an essay, because even though you don't have to actually write it, that type of preparation will allow you to make the connections that the questions ask you to make. Students have sometimes said they don't think my questions are too difficult, really -- just that they make you think through them to figure them out instead of instantly answering or not answering correctly. That's exactly my intention.